Top Internet of Things {IOT} Interview Questions and Answers

The IoT is being touted as the next wave of technological change that is going to impact mankind on a scale and of a magnitude that we have yet to decipher. It has tremendous potential to transform lives and entire industries across the globe. Its impact is likely to be felt in not just technology, but in very many areas of our life, such as crime, transportation, urban planning, health, manufacturing and many, many others.

It is no wonder that the global IoT market is expected to reach almost half a trillion dollars in 2020. It is expected to be just the start of explosive growth, if the CAGR at which it is going-28.5%-is any indication. There seems just no limits to the ways in which this technology can grow and make an impact. There is no better time to be in IoT than now!

1^st Round: Internet of Things{IOT} Basic interview questions and answers:

Q1.What is IoT?

Ans:IoT is the short form for Internet of Things. It can be understood as a network in which the devices that part of it can communicate with each other through the Internet. The way by which this system works is by enabling all the devices with IP protocols.

Q2.What do you understand by a “Thing” in the IoT?

Ans:The “thing” referred to in the IoT is any object into which a computing device can be embedded or connected.

Q 3.What components go into IoT?

Ans: The main components of IoT are the hardware, software and conversation infrastructure. While the hardware and the software aspects are well-known, the Conversation Infrastructure is the soul of the IoT, which gives devices and gadgets the ability to communicate to each other.

Q4.What factors are facilitating the explosion of the IoT at this time?

Ans:Development of IP-enabled devices, the boom in worldwide broadband availability and the appearance of ipv6 are some of the factors for this rise.

Q5.How does business IoT differ from the IoT?

Ans:Internet of Things: In this system, the connection is between devices and gadgets that are used by average consumers in their day-to-day life. Examples could be washing machines, refrigerators, electrical bulbs, etc. These devices are connected to the Internet and work according to the way they are programmed to and prompted to.

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT): With IIoT, massive industrial items and systems are connected via the Internet to carry out functions without human intervention. The alarm systems in hospitals or the automatic shutting off of switches in industrial plants are examples of IIoT.

Q6.Suggest any relatable examples of the way in which IoT impacts our everyday lives

Ans:Since IoT’s primary aim is to connect devices and make them function intuitively according to the needs of the situation; they are used in a variety of devices that we use in our daily lives, which help us coordinate functions better. We no longer have to spend extra time to manually handle these devices, which means a lot of time saved.

Since connectivity with other devices is at the heart of the concept of IoT; IoT-enabled devices not only carry out their function in isolation, but also coordinate with others in the network to make work a lot more efficient than earlier devices could. For instance, while a standalone alarm clock can only wake you up, in an IoT ecosystem, based on your early morning traits, IoT could also heat the coffee decoction for you or put the geyser on.

Q7.What are the factors that you think will make the IoT more prevalent in the years to come?

Ans:The telecommunications sector is growing by leaps and bounds globally with almost no country remaining untouched by it

Simultaneously, the power of Internet computing has been growing by leaps and bounds

The cost of scaling up is relatively very small compared to the expansion of the sector and the reach it will have.

Q8.In what ways do you think IoT will influence urban lives in the years to come?

Ans:When devices in homes and industries can be connected to each other, there is no reason why urban facilitators such as buses, trains and cars and other vehicles cannot be connected using the Internet. Most other parts of urban infrastructure, such as waterways, sewage and many others can be connected and can make them a lot more efficient and smarter. Smart cities that will be connected via a grid to smoothen tasks are being seriously implemented in emerging economies such as India.

Q9.Which are the kinds of information that IoT objects communicate?

Ans:The IoT enables communication between a vast number and type of objects, be they simple or complex. These can vary from health parameters of the human body to cyclones.

Q10.What role does the network play within the IoT?

Ans:The network is the heart of the IoT. The responsibility of providing a smart and practical system that makes up a strong infrastructure that will have the scalability to help billions of devices coordinate with one another lies with the network.

Q11.Which do you think is the biggest challenge of the IoT?

Ans:It certainly has to be safety. The IoT is prone to security threats. This is a far bigger issue than infrastructure, which, as we have seen, is relatively easier to scale up on.

Q12.If devices and machines take over the work, what will be the fate of jobs? Will the introduction of the IoT make matters worse for jobseekers around the world?

Ans:Any new technology brings in its own shifts and convulsions in the job market. IoT is set to bring in enormous changes into many spheres of life and to industry over the next couple of decades. It remains to be seen how organizations and governments can cope with the challenges.

Q13.What impact will IoT have on sustaining the environment or on business?

Ans:IoT is known to have a role in reducing carbon emissions by manufacturing units. It means making more energy available for more useful purpose such as lighting, on which there is expected to be enormous savings.

Q14.How will the IoT impact monetary growth?

Ans:Being global and extensive in nature and in its reach; the IoT is expected to be a gigantic global industry over the coming years. Estimates of its potential, expected size can vary largely, but one thing that is certain is that it will be a multitrillion dollar industry.

Q15.Assess the impact of the IoT on businesses

Ans:Almost no sector is likely to be outside the ambit of the IoT. Obviously, any tool or development that hastens and accelerates the movement of goods into the market by strengthening all the nodal points is a boon for businesses.

Q16.What importance does cybersecurity have for IoT?

Ans: Cybersecurity is a matter of serious concern wherever the Net is involved. So, with its heavy reliance on the Internet, the IoT is sure to make cybersecurity a very crucial area of its work. Corporations and governments will have to be on their toes in anticipating and preventing cyberattacks on the IoT. This calls for a very strongly coordinated, robust response from all the players involved because a disruption in any link in the chain can throw the whole ecosystem out of gear.

Q17.Assess the impact the IoT will have on the healthcare sector

Ans: The IoT is extremely well-suited for the healthcare sector. With its ability to coordinate large volumes of data seamlessly and across devices; the IoT can be a great facilitator for the healthcare industry. At a micro level, it will help to generate a lot of data from the health-conscious user, such as pulse, blood pressure, calorie count, etc. from individual users. At the macro level, it will make telemedicine a lot more efficient by being able to coordinate data across devices in far-flung locations.

Q18.What impact do you think the IoT have on the transport sector?

Ans: The higher connectivity that the IoT will engender will make it highly suitable for a sector such as transportation. New models of vehicles are now being fitted with technologies such as global positioning structures (GPS) and advanced driver help structures (ADAS), which use sensors inside the vehicle to help in a number of vital functions that make driving safer and simpler. All this is enabled by the IoT.

Q19.What could be the social and cultural impact of the IoT?

Ans:It is true that the IoT could facilitate interaction. But this needs to be taken with a pinch of salt, because what kind of communication it could promote will be the big question. Will it be another tool like the social media, about whose social and cultural impact many people have reservations? Or, is the IoT going to bring about more interaction between people in the way it is doing between devices?

Others are going to the extent of suggesting that the IoT could be a medium that can combine with other related technologies such as Big Data and blockchain could completely drive black money and other crimes out. With its ability to track every and any device, it could deter serious crimes such as murder, kidnapping, etc. This sounds a little farfetched at this stage, but the day is not far off when IoT could change the world in a drastic number of ways.

Q20.Is there a connection between the IoT and sensors in a commercial enterprise?

Ans:Sensors may be used in devices that are not net-connected, while devices need to be connected to the Net with IoT. Yet, sensing is a part of IoT, even if the device is not connected to the Net.

Q21.Will the IoT work by overriding the Internet or will it have its own dedicated wide area network?

Ans: At this stage, it is difficult to predict. Whether the world needs to give a separate and dedicated wide area network to the IoT or allow it to work with the present Internet ecosystems depends on how the industry shapes up in the years to come.

Q22.What do you understand by the Internet of Everything and what are the elements that go into it?

Ans: The Internet of Everything (IoE) can be understood as an extension of the IoT. While the IoT connects devices with one another, IoE aims at connecting devices with people and help them take smart decisions by coordinating with them. These are some of the elements that go into IoE:

Human beings: The IoE facilitates higher and smoother coordination between humans and devices such as social networks, computers, healthcare gadgets, teaching aids, etc.

Procedure: This aspect of the IoE seeks to automate processes that go into most things managed by humans, ranging from handheld devices to large industrial manufacturing processes.

Things: This is the set of devices or things used by humans that connect to the Net and help share information. sensors, actuators, certain types of medical devices or meters can be examples of things in IoE.

Information: Obviously, this is at the center of the IoE, as much as it is in the IoT. Algorithms function smartly to help make sense of the huge loads of data that devices and other things generate.

Q23.What is Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Protocol for an IoT?

Ans: Also known as Bluetooth smart, this protocol was originally introduced by Nokia as Wibree in 2006. It has the same range coverage, but with a significantly decreased strength intake, which is made possible by the Bluetooth. Its bandwidth with narrow spacing is comparable to the one utilized by Zigbee. Its low electricity latency and simplicity make makes it suitable for being introduced into low-cost microcontrollers.

 2^nd Round: Internet of Things{IOT} Technical Interview Questions and answers:

Q1.What is Bluegiga APX4 protocol for the IoT?

Ans:In being able to support both the Wi-Fi and BLE platform and being based on the 450MHz ARM9 processor, the Bluegiga APX4 is hailed as a solid solution.

Q2. What is the difference between IIOT and IOT?

Ans: IIOT:

1. Expands to Industrial Internet of Things
2. Works at a macro, industrial level and helps to coordinate information between heavy machines.
3. It is used in sectors such as aerospace.

IOT:

1. Stands for Internet of Things
2. IoT coordinates information between devices at the micro level, such as between smartphones and electrical devices such as lighting and geysers.

HR Round:

1. Explain your understanding of IoT
2. In what ways do you think IoT will change the world around us?
3. Explain the highlights of some of the IoT projects you have worked on
4. Where do you see yourself over the next five years?
5. What value do you think your experience can help you offer this organization?

Conclusion:

IoT is a very huge topic. It is no exaggeration to state that it is one of the technologies-the others being AI, Big Data, data science, blockchain and a few others-that could change the course of human destiny. When making a career in such an earth-shaking area such as IoT, you can rest assured that the prospects are extremely bright.

But these prospects come with challenges. We have designed this questionnaire to help you understand some of the common pitfalls associated with an interview involving IoT. We hope you find it valuable!